Yes, prog arena rock was another factor in the birth of punk. Never Mind the Bollocks is a great album, but there were already "punk" bands very well established before that album came out in 77. Those early punk bands didn't consider themselves punk though. Punk was a bad word back then. They were just rock bands.
Punk really probably started with bands like The Stooges, The MC5, and Velvet Underground. Those are generally considered the biggest "proto-punk" bands. That's late 60s, very early 70s. There were irreverent garage rock 60s bands before that, but The Stooges and V.U. are probably the most cited influences of what started the very first wave of punk in NYC. Then bands like the NY Dolls came along and showed everyone that you don't have to be a boring virtuoso to rock out and play good rock and roll. Inspired by the NY Dolls and The Stooges, in mid 1974 the Ramones wrote the book on what would become punk as we know it today. There were lots of more popular bands after the Ramones, but they were ground zero for punk rock everywhere, and they did it because rock and roll was shit back then.
You could draw a parallel with the grunge movement of the very early 90s. Think of rock in the 80s. It was horrible. Big hair, spandex, pointy guitars, shreddy guitar solos, power ballads, etc. It was shit. Total shit. Rock and roll was a joke in the 80s. The punk/alternative scene was still happening from the first wave, but that first wave didn't make any dents commercially. It was permanently underground. Shit music still ruled the airwaves. Then "grunge" came along and killed the hair bands of the 80s. That was sort of a pseudo punk movement that worked at first, but unlike the first wave of punk, everyone latched onto grunge and it got killed by corporate acceptance.
Now rock and roll truly is virtually dead. The VMAs happened the other day. Rock and roll was not represented by anyone. No rock and roll. Pop and rap is all that exists now in mainstream consciousness.