There aren't just good mics and bad mics (or better mics). There are *right* mics and *wrong* mics.A mic doesn't become a studio standard because it's the best mic, or the most expensive. It becomes an industry standard because it delivers good performance for the price, and because it is often the right mic. So called "industry standards" vary wildly in price and function. The other thing is that in order to become a benchmark, it has to be around for quite a while. It needs to be proven to deliver those qualities up against the competition over a period of many years.
If I name the first ones that come to my mind, for instance, none of them are made by Audio-Technica, mostly, I think, because they haven't been around long enough. Likewise for Rode. Pretty much all of them are made by Shure, AKG, Neumann, Sennheiser, Electrovoice, Royer, RCA. There are some high-end boutique mics like Brauner, Schoeps, DPA, and Manley, etc. These have become standards rarely, because their price hasn't convinced the established studios to trade in their Neumanns on a new one. But there have been a few inroads, particularly Schoeps CM6, and B.L.U.E. Bottle. Here are the classics that come to my mind:
Shure
SM57, SM7, KSM44, SM81
AKG
C414, C12, C451, D12/D112
EV
RE-20
Sennheiser
MD421
Neumann
K84/KM184, U87, U47, U67
Royer R-121
RCA
RCA44, RCA77
Just a look at the list above will show you that industry standards vary widely in price, from $100 new, to over $5000 used, and they tend to be long-produced models made by respected companies that have been around since the 1940's to the 1960's. Sure, a Microtech-Gefell may be as good as a Neumann, or even better, but it isn't a standard, because it has a shorter track record. Big studios rarely get rid of mics, or replace them, when they are proven to get the job done. In 40 years or so, you may have to pay through the nose for a vintage AT4050, or a pair of matched Oktava MC012's.
In my experience, when you are building a microphone cabinet, if you find a "studio standard" for less than $500, just buy it. If it's between $500 and $1000, *think* about buying it. If it's over $1000, make damn sure you like it, and that it's the right mic for recording something that you need to record.
At every point in the process, I make comparisons with other mics out there that *aren't* studio standards, because being newer doesn't make them better or worse, but the standards do hold their resale value better. Here are some mics that I consider comparable to some standards, but just get fewer endorsements:
Shure SM57-Audix OM5, AKG D770, Senheiser e835
AKG C414/Shure KSM44- AT4050
Neumann U87-B.L.U.E. Kiwi
Neumann U67- Lawson L47 MkII, AT4060
Newmann KM184/KM84- Josephson C42
AKG D12/D112- Audix D6
Shure SM7, EV RE-20- Sennheiser MD441 (one of the cases where the alternative is *more* expensive)
Of course, we can also budget down to mics that are a lot less expensive, substituting Cascade fat heads for Royers, MXL604's for KM184's, and CAD M179 for AKG C414, etc. It comes down to- we all have things we want to record, and we all have budgetary limitations. If I had unlimited money, I assure you, very few of the mics in my cabinet would survive the cut. What would be left? An SM7, a C414, B.L.U.E. Kiwi, and an SM57.-Richie