I figured nobody else'd even wanna touch this, so...
1. None, unless you're ready to dump an assload of money into what could be a sinkhole.
1a. None, unless you think you can crank out enough hot shit to get cats to wanna buy beats from you - AND NOT FOR 150, 200, 300, 1000, 5000 dollars a pop.
Lemme write that again...
...AND NOT FOR 150, 200, 300, 1000, or even 5000 dollars a pop...
1b. First, make sure you have what u think are hot beats (and LOTS of them) on hand.
1c. Then pray to God people are feeling your shit enough to want to pay you properly for your work.
1d. Don't forget, "paying you properly" includes not only your dope-assed finished product, but also, your gear, your time, and your expertise.
1e. First, work at being a good programmer/producer.
1f. Then decide if that Prod. Co. is something you even wanna fuck with...
AND WHILE YOU'RE DEVELOPING YOUR SKILLS, RUN FROM ANY NUKKA WHO DON'T SMELL RIGHT OR THINKS THAT HIS VOCALS MAKE YOU DOPE.
I dunno if you're already making beats or not, but you'll surely want cats to flow over 'em, and the first ones'll be cats you know or who people introduce you to. A nice flow and a fucked-up attitude is a bad combo. Don't EVER let an MC make you think that they are entitled to shit because they lace YOUR beats, on YOUR equipment, with YOUR time, & YOUR production skills. Feel free to keep EVERYTHING on lock until you as the producer/engineer think shit sounds ill, and it's the right time to drop it. If cats give you shit, do what I do & burn 'em a copy of the track they spit on ACCAPELLA. If some idiot you're supposed to be working with is worried you'll "steal" his lyrics, tell him/her to eat a dick, and send 'em on their merry way.
2. Do a search for the SBA (small business administration) & go from there...
3. Labels sign artists, be they producers, MCs, DJs, vocalists, foot the bills (at least upfront), (hopefully) promote the acts on the label & release the product under their label imprint. Maybe they distribute it, maybe someone else does.
Production companies do just that, produce tracks as works-for-hire for artists & labels.
Do a lot of online searches about the same stuff you asked here & read your ass off. Try to make every question you ask of yourself or anyone else be a building block from the last bit of information you just acquired. It's easy to get caught up in all the hoopla & name-dropping, and bullshit the music business is made of. Better to be a dope-assed producer with a gang of shit than to tell people you got a "company" and there ain't shit to it. It's easy to WASTE an assload of time, money, and opportunity getting or being gassed over what is essentially nothing.
4. HAVE FUN or DIE TRYING...
Good luck,
diendolo