Dirext Box confusion

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RideTheCrash

RideTheCrash

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I need to pick up a direct box for recording bass. All the ones I see though are 1/4" line in to XLR out. What's the point of running XLR out when I need to run it into a line in? The only XLR I would have to plug it into would be a mic input, but I'm obviously not going to use a mic input. I have some adaptors that'll change the XLR back to 1/4", but what point am I missing here?
 
The DI box will convert your bass's unbalanced, high-impedance, instrument-level (i.e., very low) signal into a balanced, low-impedance, mic-level (i.e., not as low) signal suitable for direct input into a mixer's input channel. Then, you can amplify that mic-level signal as you would one from a mic itself: by turning up the gain using the trim knob. Plugging your bass directly into an input channel isn't a good idea because the preamp can't amplify its extremely low signal enough (you'd have to crank it beyond the point of acceptable noise). That's where the DI box comes in. The reason it has an XLR out is because the XLR cable and the jack on the input channel are balanced, whereas the instrument cable from your bass (and the bass's output jack) are unbalanced. Most quality equipment (mixers, recorders, effects processors) wants balanced signals.

In short, use your instrument cable into the DI and an XLR cable out, and all will be well.


Joe R.
 
Okay thanks a lot. So the XLR *is* running into my Mic In then? Whatever works!
 
jreskin was kind of right. A direct box changes things from line level (higher than mic level) to mic level. It also balances the signal and changes it to an appropriate impedance.
One of the ideas behind using a direct box is so that you can send something down a balanced mic cable to the mic pre. Unbalanced cables, even at line level, will pick up noise on long runs. You can plug your bass into the line input of your board, or mic pre. It will sound different than with a di, but it might be more of what you are going for.
 
Yep, the XLR cable out of the DI should run into your mic input. As Farview says, you can run the bass into the line input without a DI, but you may not be happy with the result. And it's true that the DI converts from line level to mic level (hence the need to output into the mic pre), and instrument level is roughly equivalent to line level (close enough), but the major difference is that electric guitars and basses operate at much higher levels of impedance. The DI also steps down the impedance to what the mic pres are looking for. (This is why some of those standalone recorder-mixers will have dedicated "Hi-Z" (high-impedance) inputs for electric guitars and basses. (Even some mixers have these now.) Note that things are somewhat different if your bass has active pickups that require a battery.

One other thing: because you run an XLR cable between the DI box and the board, the DI box can be powered with the board's phantom power. There are both active and passive DI boxes, so for active ones, this is handy (no batteries to replace).

And if you're interested in particular brands, I've always been happy with Radial's boxes, though they make some pretty pricey ones. I think their entry-level one is $150 or so. And Behringer (yes, Behringer!) makes actually a pretty tough and reliable little unit, for considerably less. At the higher end, DI boxes will have amp simulation or other tonal alteration possibilities.


Joe R.
 
I just need one strictly for recording bass, and unfortunately my board does not have phantom power (it's an older mixer). I used to plug the bass in directly but since I've been running a line out of the inserts for individual channel recording I was told in another post plugging directly in messes up the impedence or whatever. So do passive ones need a battery then? I wasn't all sure about this, I was looking at the Behringer one, just because I don't want to spend too much cash on it.
 
Passive DI's don't need batteries. If you like the sound of the bass with it plugged right in, go ahead and do it. An impedance mismatch will only affect the sound, it won't blow anything up.
 
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