Oh, you all are going to kill me... I know this is my first post, but I'm a BIG mic fanatic, and a commercial studio owner and so have quite a few.
The three I would jump through fire to save would be my two Telefunken ELA M 251 E's, and my Stephen Paul modded
AKG C-414 EB, but those are multi-thousand dollar mics that most "real world" users can't afford.
So what can a home recordist do? Like I said, I have lots of mics. Some of my favorites in the more affordable range are:
Shure SM57. Not perfect for everything, but there's little a good engineer can't record with one, even though there may be better choices for some applications. 8th wonder of the world!
Rode NTK: An incredible value at the price, and a competent mic worthy of a place in ANY studio's mic locker.
Oktava MC012. Nice instrument mics with a sound that is similar to
the Neumann KM84, but for a lot less. Quality is all over the map from great to dreadful, so be careful when purchasing, but get a good one and you'll be very happy!