Connect the cables from mixer PGM Outs to recorder (track) Inputs:
(Each PGM Out has 2 jacks)
PGM 1 > Track 1
PGM 2 > Track 2
PGM 3 > Track 3
PGM 4 > Track 4
PGM 1 > Track 5
PGM 2 > Track 6
PGM 3 > Track 7
PGM 4 > Track 8
Connect the recorder's Outputs to the mixer's TAPE Ins, 1-8, respectively.
In this configuration, you may mix any or all of the 20 input channels down to any of 4 PGM outputs, and record up 4-tracks simultaneously. You will use the PGM Outs 1-4 to record to Tracks 1-4, AND Tracks 5-8, in 2-banks of 4. The only differentiating thing being which track is enabled to record on the 38, F/I since PGM Out 1 feeds tape Track 1 AND 5, the differentiating factor between 1 and 5 is which one is enabled to record on the 38.
This configuration leverages the mixer's power and gives you great flexibility while minimizing repatching of the cables. All the routing is accomplished through selection of switches and buttons. This suffices for most solo recording and small enembles and studio recording where you're recording up to 4-tracks simultaneously.
When you move to recording live music or studio takes with more than 4-tracks simultaneously, you would then employ a combination of the PGM Outs and Direct Outs, a more advanced setup that's really easy once you get in the swing of things.
While you plug the recorders Outputs 1-8 to the Mixer's Tape In's 1-8, this enables you to switch between tracking mode, using TAPE RTN function for "tape cue" mixes, (where you have to monitor previously recorded tracks simultaneously with live input sources), and then move to full "remix" mode (where all sources are coming off tape) with the simple flip of a switch.
With the high complexity of this mixer (and other Tascam recording mixers) is the hidden beauty that it simplifies moving through tasks of the recording process through simple switching that minimizes patching,... which may be taken for granted today, but was a sorely needed design improvement at the time.
I hope that's at least halfway clear.

