I've never really understood this kind of problem (yes I have come across similar issues before!) but my best guess is that dgatwood is wise and insightful. The buzzing you get when the gear is on the same breaker is consistent with that.
An electrical meter could teach you a lot - maybe less from the potential between different terminals on the two bits of equipment, than between each item and true ground (earth). Which terminal on which appliance is 'hot'; what's the voltage; AC or DC; once shorted does it go to zero volts then slowly build back up or does it maintain potential? When shorted to ground or the other equipment, is there any sustained current, if so how large?
You say the gear behaves differently when on the same breaker (buzzing) and on different breakers (arcing). Have you tried plugging both bits of gear into the 'second breaker' power loop? It's a long-ish shot, but if you just had a ground problem on the 'breaker one' circuit, it might eliminate the problem. I know you might have done this and a whole bunch more, I just can't be sure from what's been posted here!
I got a jolt this week plugging some powerful 2.1 speakers into a PC. It's not the first time, although last time was long ago. This time I might just follow my own advice above and check it out properly...