Find what works for you
Advances in drum technology have really changed since you started playing. It really is a great time for us drummers, b/c the set up options are much better now. Every drummer should experiment with different set ups to find what works best for them.
Take in account your height, arm length, the size of your feet and hands, what type of shoes you wear when playing, Type of sticks you prefer, whether you use your wrists or arms more… etc.
I’m writing this assuming it’s a four or five piece kit with a single bass drum pedal. Double bass drum players can learn from this too, but the hats will have to be further from your sweet spot.
I suggest you clear everything away from you and start with the just the drum throne (or drum stool). Set the height of the seat so that you are most comfortable. Some experts suggest adjusting the seat so your knees are slightly below the height of your waist. Start there and see how it feels, then adjust accordingly.
Then raise your feet slightly off the floor and see if you can easily balance yourself on your tail bone. You might need to slide forward and balance on the edge of your seat. You might need to slide back to the center of the seat. Again, find what's best for you. I think it's CRITICAL to find a good balance point -- there are instances where both your feet will be in this position - opening the hi-hat and releasing off the bass drum pedal at the same time.
Make a note of where your feet are at rest. Then bring in your bass drum and hihat pedals and place them where your feet where. Be sure to leave enough room for a snare between your legs.
You might need to make minor adjustments to your seat again because now your feet are higher as they rest on the pedals. Also, some drummers are more comfortable with their legs at a "V", others like to sit with their legs facing more forward. Find what works for you.
Once you find your balance, grab a pair of sticks and "air drum" a bit. Now raise both feet again as you air drum. Did you lose your balance? Readjust your seating to where you can do both without falling over.
Once you've established your balance, bring in the snare. Make sure your legs are not rubbing against the sides of the snare. Move the hihat out a bit if you need more room. Now it's time to determine your snare positioning.
It really depends on many factors, so it's critical to EXPERIMENT with placement. Do you play matched grip? Traditional? Palms down? Thumbs up? Do you attack at an angle or straight on? Do have long arms? Do you favor the center, or top of the drum, or the area closer to you? Do you rest your upper arms at your side? These are some of the things to consider when experimenting.
You also need to consider the nature of the snare and how you execute your stroke. A 14"x7” snare with wood hoops and loose 1-ply heads needs to be attacked one way, while a 13"x3” piccolo with die-cast hoops and tight 2-ply heads needs a different attack.
Try the snare drum flat at first and play for a few minutes – hard and soft, singles, doubles, rimshots, etc. Now angle it toward you and play some more. Now angle it away from you. Now add bass drum and hihat to the beats. Try each angle higher and lower. What's easier for you? What sounds better? Did you notice it was easier to play rolls one way, but
the back beat rim-shot worked a lot better the other way? Here's where you decide the type of music you'll be playing and which angle/height is best suited for it.
Now it’s time to bring in the ride cymbal. Set the ride in a spot that’s most convenient, depending on the amount of toms you’ll be adding later. If it’s a four-piece kit, start with the ride low and close in. For kits with five or more toms, the ride will have to move a bit. I usually set the ride up high in these situations, which also helps you see the other players when on stage.
Once the ride is in place, play a beat using all four limbs. Close your eyes and observe how it feels. Switch between hihat and ride and pay attention to the shift in balance. It’s also a good idea to use a metronome to check your timing and groove when moving between the two.
ALWAYS keep checking your posture and balance!!! Are you slouching to play a fast single roll? If you are, then raise the snare! You get the idea...
Once you have these key elements in place, apply these tips to setting up the toms... sorry, I'm running out of time here.
Good luck! I hope this info helps you on your way.