adding and subtracting sine waves?

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SEDstar

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coming from an electronics background, i understand the basic premise that two sine waves, coinciding with each other, will produce a resultant wave that is twice the height. In mixing, two pure sine wave sounds added together peak-to-trough (in phase...) will result in one wave that is twice as loud, yes? but the same note (frequency) because that hasnt changed.
this would be summation?

the same example, but with trough-to-peak, or out of phase, will cancel each other out, resulting in am almost dc waveform, and hence you will hear mostly nothing? (feel free to correct any of these...assumptions)
this would be subtraction?

now, varying by phase relationship between these two otherwise equal sine waves, the sound could be a little louder, or little softer, right? but not change in note (frequency) ?

now my question. I was mixing the starlit sky mix contest tracks for practice. The vocal track was rather even...in that the ends of the words i didnt hear any "dropping off" of the sound. in one of my preliminary mixes, however (and in my final mix...i gave up...lol) i noticed than WHEN MIXED, the ends of a few words dropped off, and got unnaturally reduced in volume. Since i couldnt detect this in the original, or solo'd vox track, and it occured only once it was mixed, am i correct in determining that there was some coincidence of different tracks waves, and that the dropouts were caused by subtraction?

there were probably summations too, as there seemed to be some vocal spikes that hadnt been there right before the mixing, but i hard limited these out with success, because they were so short it didnt "kill" any "life"...but where the voice (only after mixing...) had little drops in volume,i tried various ampification schemes with no real success that would sound "natural".

i understand resonance in a basic way, left over from my electronics days. I understand that if i have two sine waves, equal height (volume/voltage), but one is 1/2 the frequency of the other, and they are added together peak to trough in phase, only every other resultant peak will be doubled, because this is where they coincide. if one sine is 1/3 the frequency of the other, only every third peak will be doubled, etc.

was i hearing subtraction of waves, producing the drops off in volume that didnt seem to be there before the mix? and if so, how would i go about avoiding this problem in the future? I certainly cant have these in the mix, and they are definitely the result of mixing waves because they werent present in the vocal track before mixing, only in the resultant. Could i perhaps have taken a tiny piece of the vocal track and moved it forward or backward bya few milliseconds to have alleviated this, then remixed it? or to move it enough to avoid this would have changed the timing too much? Kindly tell me if i am on the right track on this, and if so, what steps i can take to alleviate this problem with (possible) resultants in the future.

i suppose i might have tried judicious use of a compresor on the final mix...threshold set just below the top of the dropped off voice, several db's of boost coming in, and the smallest ratio that would "bring the tops" back together, but this might be a sloppy use for the compressor? I want to go about this more like a professional than like a newbie, i try to reach for the comressor as little as possible. I tried searching about with a parametric eq, sey to varing q ratios narroiw to wide, and was unable to locate this during sweeps.

reccomendations, anyone?
 
Do a search on phase and "comb-filtering" -- will get you some good links that will likely describe what you were hearing............
 
SEDstar said:
now, varying by phase relationship between these two otherwise equal sine waves, the sound could be a little louder, or little softer, right? but not change in note (frequency) ?
Correct, unless you're thinking of harmonics or beat frequencies' with differing pitches.

...Since i couldnt detect this in the original, or solo'd vox track, and it occured only once it was mixed, am i correct in determining that there was some coincidence of different tracks waves, and that the dropouts were caused by subtraction?
Assuming it wasn't out of phase versions of the same track, it's probably simply masking of one sound from the others.
Wayne
 
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