Yes. You can. (NO POLITICAL JOKES!@!!!LOL)
I'm unfamiliar with the inner workings of your deck, but in some way it will play similar to this...
You will have inputs and outputs for each of your tracks; 1-16. Your mixer needs to be big enough to allow AT LEAST that many. (From what I gather, many people say go bigger i.e. 24 channel mixer for a 16 track deck, but don't quote me.)
based on how your desk is arranged you will send sound to any or all of your tracks. Here is an example....
Track one: Bass Guitar
Track Two: Accoustic guitar left
Track Three: Acc. Guitar Right
Track Four: Electric Guitar
Track Five: Hammond
Track Six: Lead Vox
Track seven: Snare
Track Eight: Kick
Track nine: Drums OH Left
Track ten: Drums OH right
so, you have a band. You have the personell to track that much Live. Great!!! You arm your tracks on your reel to reel. Hit record, run off some leader, the drummer counts you in and your band NAILS IT!!!!! Oh you were gellin' you had groove, the performance was INSANE, but your vocalist was flat. It's cool. RTZ (return to zero) de-arm all tracks except Track Six. Youre vocalist is in his/her booth and you decide "why waste the take, lets do our background vox and our sick guitar solo." So you arm tracks 11 and 12 (solo on one of em and big group background vox on the other.) and everyone nails it. Maybe you're done. Cool, mix it down and press. Maybe you need more instrumentation. Cool, bounce it down to some empty tracks and record whatelse you need.
But if you don't have all those people. It's cool. Just arm what you need. Say Tracks 2-4. You can do your accoustic tracks in stereo and your lead vox at the same time all by yourself. There you go. De-arm those three, Arm track one, lay down your bass line. Move on from there. That's all there is to it. As far as all of those concepts go DAWs borrowed a lot from reel to reels and mixers. That's what people knew. Much like Synthesizer used piano layouts. People understood it. Does that mean that piano and synth are the same? No, but if you get one, you have a basic understanding of the other. Just remember, if you are going to bounce tracks, it is usually wise to leave a buffer track. So if you are full from 1-13 leave 14 blank and bounce down to 15/16. Some decks are more sensitive to that than others.
I hope this helps. If I got anything wrong, PLEASE TELL ME. I don't want to spread bad info. I use a portastudio, but I have been trying to learn all these other things too. So, yeah, there you go.