Low Cut Guidelines

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One thing that occurs to me as I see this thread progress is that there can be a few different things happening that some may be writing off as a single problem called "low frequency mud", and to use a single solution like high pass can be throwing a lot of babies out with the bathwater.

I guess for me the idea of high passing a majority of tracks is meant to address things like DC offset, subsonic rumble, low level AC hum, etc.; things that may seem fairly inoccuous or even sometimes inaudable on any given track, but when the tracks are summed together, the overall buildup is a problem that can get in the way of kick or bass or even rear it's own ugly audible head. These kind of things are usually found in the double digits of Hertz and rarely manifest themselves much above 100Hz (except sometimes an AC harmonic around 115-130Hz.)

But if it comes to a radical buildup of mud in the sounds of the instruments themselves, and competition for sonic space between them, amputating off the bottom third of the spectrum, say from 250Hz down) is a bit radical, IMHO. Sure it's fast. Sure it's easy. But there can be some nice stuff down there that doesn't need or deserve to be just cut off at the hip just because of a few honkers or resonances that are getting in the way. When the only thing you have below 150 or 250 Hz is an occasional kick and bass, sometimes that's OK (depending upon the mix), but sometimes that can be kind of anemic sounding as John put it, for many of the reasons given above already.

At the risk of sounding like a broken record, parametric sweep the tracks, folks. Get rid of the honkers. This is something that I think should be done on almost every track anyway (synths, some vocals, MIDI etc. excluded.) You might be suprised how once that's done, there's a whole lot of room without having to high pass, and at the same time a whole lot more "bigness" to the mix that extreme high-passing can undesireably remove.

G.
 
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Vocals @ 100 (Some sources say 150)

Acoustic @ 250

Kick Drum @ 50

Snare @ 75 (Some people say 150)

Toms @ 100

Hi-Hat @ 200

Over head Drums mics @ 150

It does all depend on the recording, and the style of music and the arrangement of the song.

Vocals, yeah I usually low cut from 100 up to even 160ish for main vocals.
Hats, I usually low cut to around 5k or even more with a mild gradient for a more natural sounding cut. I use the OHs to capture a good bit of the hats so the hats channel is just to position the hats more to the side with panning for me.

OHs I have to disagree with. I love the natural low end you can get from OHs, so I maybe low cut around 30Hz, and boost at around 100ish, cut at around 300-500ish, and boost at around 5K and 12k up.

Theses are just rough numbers, but thats my way of doing things.

Eck
 
Get rid of the honkers.
This is something that I think should be done on almost every track anyway (synths, some vocals, etc. excluded.)
G.
Yeah totally agree with you Glen.
Just to add to that, boosting around the muddy region on synths can really fill out a track especially if you add a BIG reverb and maybe even boost the low mids on the reverb. This can add a nice warmth which ITB mixes can lack sometimes.

Eck
 
One thing that occurs to me as I see this thread progress is that there can be a few different things happening that some may be writing off as a single problem called "low frequency mud", and to use a single solution like high pass can be throwing a lot of babies out with the bathwater.

I guess for me the idea of high passing a majority of tracks is meant to address things like DC offset, subsonic rumble, low level AC hum, etc.; things that may seem fairly inoccuous or even sometimes inaudable on any given track, but when the tracks are summed together, the overall buildup is a problem that can get in the way of kick or bass or even rear it's own ugly audible head. These kind of things are usually found in the double digits of Hertz and rarely manifest themselves much above 100Hz (except sometimes an AC harmonic around 115-130Hz.)

But if it comes to a radical buildup of mud in the sounds of the instruments themselves, and competition for sonic space between them, amputating off the bottom third of the spectrum, say from 250Hz down) is a bit radical, IMHO. Sure it's fast. Sure it's easy. But there can be some nice stuff down there that doesn't need or deserve to be just cut off at the hip just because of a few honkers or resonances that are getting in the way. When the only thing you have below 150 or 250 Hz is an occasional kick and bass, sometimes that's OK (depending upon the mix), but sometimes that can be kind of anemic sounding as John put it, for many of the reasons given above already.

At the risk of sounding like a broken record, parametric sweep the tracks, folks. Get rid of the honkers. This is something that I think should be done on almost every track anyway (synths, some vocals, MIDI etc. excluded.) You might be suprised how once that's done, there's a whole lot of room without having to high pass, and at the same time a whole lot more "bigness" to the mix that extreme high-passing can undesireably remove.

G.


Sounds easy enough to me. Thanks alot.
 
Does DC Offset only happen in the really low frequencies ?
 
has anyone found a ballpark sweet spot to cut a Rhodes??? It's been a little tricky since it lies pretty much all in the "mud range" ...don't wanna hijack the thread, but any help is as always appreciated.

-Pete
 
Does DC Offset only happen in the really low frequencies ?
Technically speaking, by definition, pure DC offset happens only at DC; i.e. 0Hz. Can't get much lower in frequency than that :).

There are often times, though, when there is a VLF (very low frequency) component of more than DC but less than, say, 10Hz which has similar properties and effects as pure DC offset because it is such a low frequency. This is why low cut/high pass is often used to eliminate generic DC or VLF offset.

That said, while the offset itself is only at very low frequencies, it can affect the waveform over the entire spectrum. Because it offsets the rest level of the voltage waveform, it cuts down on the total amount of overall headroom before the signal can potentially be sent into clipping. Such clipping can occur at any frequency.

G.
 
I have a wave treatment prog for restoring vinyl called waverepair that has a select option for DC offset removal. It took an age for me to understand its purpose until I saw a wave form that had a severe DC offset. It's a good preset but can't manage really big offsets.
I had a file sent by email as an MP3 & converted to wave that had an HUGE offset. It caused havoc with MP3 players as an MP3 file - heaps of distortion. I asked for advice on this forum & with some excellent assistance removed the prob with a VERY, very low cut - not a standard low cut/high pass as the problem was on the edge of sub hearing. It's removal made the whole song sound so much sweeter & did, indeed, make the bass seem bassier. I had to remove it that way as no para or graphic EQ I had read that low so I couldn't sweep to or reduce it.
I don't hi pass often preferring to cut space with peaks & troughs where I ca. I'm always aware that a lot of good tone is from the interaction of frequencies in the air.
 
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