if i connect 4 drum microphones to a mixer, then connect the main outs (L and R) to my soundcard, will all 4 microphones be incorporated and heard as a stereo signal in the recording program?
You'll hear all 4 drums on both tracks in your recording program.
If you pan mics 1 & 2 left and pan mics 3 & 4 right. you'll hear mics 1 & 2 on track 1 and mics 3 & 4 on track 2.
If your mixer has a Group out, you can route 2 channels to that and the other 2 to the Main outs. If you pan each mic as above, you'll get each mic on its own track in your software