Of course you can, it's all data...
A few caveats -- if you are using, say, a SB Live with certain Sound Fonts on computer A for MIDI tracks, you would need a comparable card and Sound Fonts on computer B to get the same results.
Ditto if you are playing MIDI tracks from a softsynth -- the same softsynth needs to be available on both platforms.
Finally, it's pretty easy for a single project with many audio tracks to exceed the size limits of a CD. You can use the file management features in the newest versions of SONAR, if that's what you're using, and copy the project directory contents to two or more CDs, then reassemble it all on the other machine's hard drive.
Otherwise, just save the file as a CWB (Cakewalk bundle) and you don't even have to think about it.