Impossible to say! But here some ball park estimates...
Guitar, passive, humbucker MIGHT put out 2volts rms (+6dBV,+8dBu) when thrashed but generally a Strat say will kick only 30mV or so "normal" playing and that is -40dBV.
Guitar active: 9 volt battery, 3Vrms tops but at a much lower source impedance and thus tone will not (should not!) be affected by cables or volume pot position.
The amp? As I said the specc' gives +4dBu, about a volt but under what conditions is not mentioned. One must guess "normal" settings where you get an acceptable level and tone?
Mic, dynamic: The old warhorse Shures are about 1.2mV/Pascal . Which is pretty feeble, modern Neo dymos are 6dB better. If close to gob and screaming nuts off, that will likely be chucking out 10-20mV (-40 to -34dBV) .
Sound card: Which sound card? The inline USB jobbie? -10dBV ish I guess since +4 fooks it! The card in the PC/laptop? Neg 10 again. N.B. SOME laptops are rather good, my HP i3 1170g is one such but I never use the internal sound, I have a couple of rather good interfaces kicking around you see!
Be aware that it seems many of the later interfaces seem to have traded overload capacity, i.e. headroom for low noise and higher gain. This compromise is unavoidable at the 1 to 200 £ mark and is to be commended as it is MUCH cheaper to make/buy attenuators than very low noise amplifiers!
Dave.