Home Recording

Go Back   Home Recording > Equipment Forums > Drums and Percussion


        

                                
                                10/30 - [video] Demo Roland TD-20SX
Reply    Audiofanzine Drum Drum News Drum Medias Drum Tests Drum Articles Drum User Reviews Drum Classifieds Ads
 
Thread Tools Display Modes
  #1  
Old 12-07-2007
tddrummer tddrummer is offline
...
 
Join Date: Sep 2007
Location: Shreveport,La
Age: 18
Posts: 64
Rep Power: 1692
tddrummer has a reputation beyond reputetddrummer has a reputation beyond reputetddrummer has a reputation beyond reputetddrummer has a reputation beyond reputetddrummer has a reputation beyond reputetddrummer has a reputation beyond reputetddrummer has a reputation beyond reputetddrummer has a reputation beyond reputetddrummer has a reputation beyond reputetddrummer has a reputation beyond reputetddrummer has a reputation beyond repute
tunning drums

I've been playing for several years now and Ive seen several different ways to tune a drum. What do you think is the best way? What kind of tension? What kind of dampening? Do you use a tunner, or just your brain?...etc...
Reply With Quote
  #2  
Old 12-07-2007
Greg_L's Avatar
Greg_L Greg_L is online now
Gregois Le Bloodshit
 
Join Date: Jul 2006
Location: Katy, TX
Age: 36
Posts: 5,859
Rep Power: 6697786
Greg_L has a reputation beyond reputeGreg_L has a reputation beyond reputeGreg_L has a reputation beyond reputeGreg_L has a reputation beyond reputeGreg_L has a reputation beyond reputeGreg_L has a reputation beyond reputeGreg_L has a reputation beyond reputeGreg_L has a reputation beyond reputeGreg_L has a reputation beyond reputeGreg_L has a reputation beyond reputeGreg_L has a reputation beyond repute
I'm not one that usually harps on people using the search function, but fuck dude, use the search function. Every question you just asked was answered within a week ago.
__________________
Quote:
Originally Posted by 60's guy View Post
Yeah! I'm a worthless fuck.
Quote:
Originally Posted by The Ghost of FM View Post
Greg L is a real cool musician who offers great mixing advice in the mp3 clinic
Reply With Quote
  #3  
Old 12-07-2007
Nick The Man's Avatar
Nick The Man Nick The Man is offline
SOUND
 
Join Date: Jan 2005
Location: Western New York
Age: 20
Posts: 3,792
Rep Power: 232955
Nick The Man has a reputation beyond reputeNick The Man has a reputation beyond reputeNick The Man has a reputation beyond reputeNick The Man has a reputation beyond reputeNick The Man has a reputation beyond reputeNick The Man has a reputation beyond reputeNick The Man has a reputation beyond reputeNick The Man has a reputation beyond reputeNick The Man has a reputation beyond reputeNick The Man has a reputation beyond reputeNick The Man has a reputation beyond repute
I just got a drum dial and it worked magic on my toms. I haven't really been satesfied with the snare tuning, but I just got it so I'm sure I'll continue the experimentation.
Reply With Quote
  #4  
Old 12-07-2007
MadAudio's Avatar
MadAudio MadAudio is offline
Damned if I do
 
Join Date: Jun 2004
Location: D.C.
Age: 45
Posts: 11,997
Rep Power: 1244112
MadAudio has a reputation beyond reputeMadAudio has a reputation beyond reputeMadAudio has a reputation beyond reputeMadAudio has a reputation beyond reputeMadAudio has a reputation beyond reputeMadAudio has a reputation beyond reputeMadAudio has a reputation beyond reputeMadAudio has a reputation beyond reputeMadAudio has a reputation beyond reputeMadAudio has a reputation beyond reputeMadAudio has a reputation beyond repute
What a tunner? How would I know if I'm tunning?
__________________
Newest endeavor: Playing drums in a live band version of 7 Door Sedan's music.
__________________

"Do yourself a favour just shut up, read up then put up." --muttley600
Reply With Quote
  #5  
Old 12-07-2007
kojdogg's Avatar
kojdogg kojdogg is offline
bollocks redux!
 
Join Date: May 2006
Location: westchester, ny
Age: 34
Posts: 4,756
Rep Power: 1796921
kojdogg has a reputation beyond reputekojdogg has a reputation beyond reputekojdogg has a reputation beyond reputekojdogg has a reputation beyond reputekojdogg has a reputation beyond reputekojdogg has a reputation beyond reputekojdogg has a reputation beyond reputekojdogg has a reputation beyond reputekojdogg has a reputation beyond reputekojdogg has a reputation beyond reputekojdogg has a reputation beyond repute
Quote:
Originally Posted by MadAudio View Post
What a tunner? How would I know if I'm tunning?
Quote:
Originally Posted by Greg_L View Post
I'm not one that usually harps on people using the search function, but fuck dude, use the search function. Every question you just asked was answered within a week ago.
haha-- perhaps he did at least try the search function then
__________________
SPACE AVAILABLE FOR RENT
Reply With Quote
  #6  
Old 12-07-2007
Elton Bear Elton Bear is offline
Unregistered Abuser
 
Join Date: Dec 2005
Location: Isle of Wight/Newcastle, UK
Age: 20
Posts: 752
Rep Power: 32401
Elton Bear has a reputation beyond reputeElton Bear has a reputation beyond reputeElton Bear has a reputation beyond reputeElton Bear has a reputation beyond reputeElton Bear has a reputation beyond reputeElton Bear has a reputation beyond reputeElton Bear has a reputation beyond reputeElton Bear has a reputation beyond reputeElton Bear has a reputation beyond reputeElton Bear has a reputation beyond reputeElton Bear has a reputation beyond repute
I just did a search... Nothing under 'Tunning'...

TD mait, no disrespect but listen to Greg, this has been discussed toooo many times
__________________
Kicking it lo-fi:
POS computer
Cubase SX2
M-Audio Delta 1010LT
ART Studio V3 Tube MP
Behringer Eurorack Desk

AKG C3000B
Shure SM58
Shure SM57
Sennheiser e818 S II
Ashton DMP-100 drum mics
Reply With Quote
  #7  
Old 12-07-2007
L mandrake L mandrake is offline
CRM114
 
Join Date: Feb 2006
Location: ontario, near ottawa
Posts: 280
Rep Power: 75510
L mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond repute
Hey guys..Tom Tunning here....someone said you were looking for me???
Reply With Quote
  #8  
Old 12-08-2007
VSpaceBoy's Avatar
VSpaceBoy VSpaceBoy is offline
..loading
 
Join Date: Jun 2002
Location: Cincinnati,Ohio, USA
Age: 33
Posts: 4,678
Rep Power: 1310675
VSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond reputeVSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond reputeVSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond reputeVSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond reputeVSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond reputeVSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond reputeVSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond reputeVSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond reputeVSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond reputeVSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond reputeVSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond repute
Download the PDF from here: Drum tuning bible
__________________
Reply With Quote
  #9  
Old 12-08-2007
zed32's Avatar
zed32 zed32 is offline
aspiring drumber
 
Join Date: May 2005
Location: one...big...dark...room...
Age: 27
Posts: 3,181
Rep Power: 1002174
zed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond repute
Quote:
Originally Posted by L mandrake View Post
Hey guys..Tom Tunning here....someone said you were looking for me???
sorry Tom, er...Mr. Tunning... i think it was just a misunderstanding.
__________________
Maybe you can interface with my ass, by biting it.
GFCG Member No : 000 015
"It's hopeless. I can hear all this great music in my head, but my stupid hands can't keep up..."
Reply With Quote
  #10  
Old 12-08-2007
L mandrake L mandrake is offline
CRM114
 
Join Date: Feb 2006
Location: ontario, near ottawa
Posts: 280
Rep Power: 75510
L mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond repute
Ok, no worries, but while I'm here....does anyone know how to tune drums????
Reply With Quote
  #11  
Old 12-08-2007
zed32's Avatar
zed32 zed32 is offline
aspiring drumber
 
Join Date: May 2005
Location: one...big...dark...room...
Age: 27
Posts: 3,181
Rep Power: 1002174
zed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond repute
Quote:
Originally Posted by L mandrake View Post
Ok, no worries, but while I'm here....does anyone know how to tune drums????
yes .
__________________
Maybe you can interface with my ass, by biting it.
GFCG Member No : 000 015
"It's hopeless. I can hear all this great music in my head, but my stupid hands can't keep up..."
Reply With Quote
  #12  
Old 12-08-2007
L mandrake L mandrake is offline
CRM114
 
Join Date: Feb 2006
Location: ontario, near ottawa
Posts: 280
Rep Power: 75510
L mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond repute
hmmm, not a very helpful thread...I think I'll do a search
Reply With Quote
  #13  
Old 12-08-2007
mrface2112 mrface2112 is offline
Thread Killer
 
Join Date: Dec 2002
Location: the people's republic of charlottesville
Posts: 2,246
Rep Power: 180056
mrface2112 has a reputation beyond reputemrface2112 has a reputation beyond reputemrface2112 has a reputation beyond reputemrface2112 has a reputation beyond reputemrface2112 has a reputation beyond reputemrface2112 has a reputation beyond reputemrface2112 has a reputation beyond reputemrface2112 has a reputation beyond reputemrface2112 has a reputation beyond reputemrface2112 has a reputation beyond reputemrface2112 has a reputation beyond repute
i got really wet the last time i tried to use dampening on my drums.

and yes, i know how to tune drums too. i use my ear to get it 95% of the way there and then sometimes a drum dial to get it just exactly perfect. the drum dial won't be of any help to someone who doesn't already understand the fundamentals, but it's really helpful for fast head changes and keeping drums at the same pitch.

when tuning, sometimes i go around the drum clockwise, and sometimes i use the star pattern.

oh, and Mad.....either the scale, mirror or girlfriend will let you know if you've been doing too much tunning.....it's pretty normal to pick up some extra lbs around the holidays, though.


cheers,
el guapo
Reply With Quote
  #14  
Old 12-09-2007
L mandrake L mandrake is offline
CRM114
 
Join Date: Feb 2006
Location: ontario, near ottawa
Posts: 280
Rep Power: 75510
L mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond repute
[QUOTE=mrface2112;2831298]i got really wet the last time ...

If you got wet, then you prob should be using a 'high A tuner' or a 'mid D tuner', you were obviously using a 'DEEP C TUNA'
(this may only make sense if you come from one of those countries that dont pronounce their 'r' s , like Brit, Oz or NZ.)

I found the drum dial to be really helpful (until the owner decided he wanted it back) but I did find that I became a bit of a tuning nazi with it, stopping playing all the time because something wasnt quite right, which inevitably led me to tuning the whole kit. I am a better man without it, but I do find I have cravings from time to time. Remember, if you are going to 'do dial', moderation is the key.
Reply With Quote
  #15  
Old 12-11-2007
tddrummer tddrummer is offline
...
 
Join Date: Sep 2007
Location: Shreveport,La
Age: 18
Posts: 64
Rep Power: 1692
tddrummer has a reputation beyond reputetddrummer has a reputation beyond reputetddrummer has a reputation beyond reputetddrummer has a reputation beyond reputetddrummer has a reputation beyond reputetddrummer has a reputation beyond reputetddrummer has a reputation beyond reputetddrummer has a reputation beyond reputetddrummer has a reputation beyond reputetddrummer has a reputation beyond reputetddrummer has a reputation beyond repute
yall are jackasses...i asked a totally valid question about tunning my drums...maybe ill have to go somewhere else to get the answers
Reply With Quote
  #16  
Old 12-11-2007
VSpaceBoy's Avatar
VSpaceBoy VSpaceBoy is offline
..loading
 
Join Date: Jun 2002
Location: Cincinnati,Ohio, USA
Age: 33
Posts: 4,678
Rep Power: 1310675
VSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond reputeVSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond reputeVSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond reputeVSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond reputeVSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond reputeVSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond reputeVSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond reputeVSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond reputeVSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond reputeVSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond reputeVSpaceBoy has a reputation beyond repute
Quote:
Originally Posted by tddrummer View Post
yall are jackasses...i asked a totally valid question about tunning my drums...maybe ill have to go somewhere else to get the answers
Quote:
Originally Posted by VSpaceBoy View Post
Download the PDF from here: Drum tuning bible
have you read?
__________________
Reply With Quote
  #17  
Old 12-11-2007
RAMI's Avatar
RAMI RAMI is offline
www.ramirami.com
 
Join Date: Mar 2004
Location: montreal
Posts: 6,993
Rep Power: 3655109
RAMI has a reputation beyond reputeRAMI has a reputation beyond reputeRAMI has a reputation beyond reputeRAMI has a reputation beyond reputeRAMI has a reputation beyond reputeRAMI has a reputation beyond reputeRAMI has a reputation beyond reputeRAMI has a reputation beyond reputeRAMI has a reputation beyond reputeRAMI has a reputation beyond reputeRAMI has a reputation beyond repute
Quote:
Originally Posted by tddrummer View Post
yall are jackasses...i asked a totally valid question about tunning my drums...maybe ill have to go somewhere else to get the answers
Good. Fuck off. You're asking a rediculously vague question that can't be answered. Listen to Greg......do a search, grow a brain....and then come back and see us......or don't......we don't care.
Reply With Quote
  #18  
Old 12-11-2007
BentRabbit's Avatar
BentRabbit BentRabbit is offline
Drumb & Drumber
 
Join Date: Jul 2004
Location: Not Even Close
Age: 49
Posts: 2,901
Rep Power: 1372224
BentRabbit has a reputation beyond reputeBentRabbit has a reputation beyond reputeBentRabbit has a reputation beyond reputeBentRabbit has a reputation beyond reputeBentRabbit has a reputation beyond reputeBentRabbit has a reputation beyond reputeBentRabbit has a reputation beyond reputeBentRabbit has a reputation beyond reputeBentRabbit has a reputation beyond reputeBentRabbit has a reputation beyond reputeBentRabbit has a reputation beyond repute
Quote:
Originally Posted by tddrummer View Post
yall are jackasses...i asked a totally valid question about tunning my drums...maybe ill have to go somewhere else to get the answers

There is no where else...

You're stuck with us...


BWAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA...


__________________
----------------------
If you don't hear what the mix is telling you, you shouldn't be working on it in the first place. - John Scrip, Massive Mastering




Myspace Page

----------------------
Reply With Quote
  #19  
Old 12-11-2007
zed32's Avatar
zed32 zed32 is offline
aspiring drumber
 
Join Date: May 2005
Location: one...big...dark...room...
Age: 27
Posts: 3,181
Rep Power: 1002174
zed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond reputezed32 has a reputation beyond repute
seriously though, that Tom Tunning bit was hilarious. even the grumpy noob has to appreciate that one.
__________________
Maybe you can interface with my ass, by biting it.
GFCG Member No : 000 015
"It's hopeless. I can hear all this great music in my head, but my stupid hands can't keep up..."
Reply With Quote
  #20  
Old 12-11-2007
L mandrake L mandrake is offline
CRM114
 
Join Date: Feb 2006
Location: ontario, near ottawa
Posts: 280
Rep Power: 75510
L mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond repute
Dont know about the rest of you guys but I learned a lot about myself and about the rest of the contributers here, thats got to be worth something.
Reply With Quote
  #21  
Old 12-11-2007
L mandrake L mandrake is offline
CRM114
 
Join Date: Feb 2006
Location: ontario, near ottawa
Posts: 280
Rep Power: 75510
L mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond repute
Quote:
Originally Posted by BentRabbit View Post
There is no where else...

You're stuck with us...


BWAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHAHA...


Reply With Quote
  #22  
Old 12-11-2007
Elton Bear Elton Bear is offline
Unregistered Abuser
 
Join Date: Dec 2005
Location: Isle of Wight/Newcastle, UK
Age: 20
Posts: 752
Rep Power: 32401
Elton Bear has a reputation beyond reputeElton Bear has a reputation beyond reputeElton Bear has a reputation beyond reputeElton Bear has a reputation beyond reputeElton Bear has a reputation beyond reputeElton Bear has a reputation beyond reputeElton Bear has a reputation beyond reputeElton Bear has a reputation beyond reputeElton Bear has a reputation beyond reputeElton Bear has a reputation beyond reputeElton Bear has a reputation beyond repute
*cough*doasearch*cough*

As a search for enlightenment this thread certainly has its merits. Even for dear TDD had he cared to read the above posts...
__________________
Kicking it lo-fi:
POS computer
Cubase SX2
M-Audio Delta 1010LT
ART Studio V3 Tube MP
Behringer Eurorack Desk

AKG C3000B
Shure SM58
Shure SM57
Sennheiser e818 S II
Ashton DMP-100 drum mics
Reply With Quote
  #23  
Old 12-11-2007
L mandrake L mandrake is offline
CRM114
 
Join Date: Feb 2006
Location: ontario, near ottawa
Posts: 280
Rep Power: 75510
L mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond reputeL mandrake has a reputation beyond repute
Quote:
Originally Posted by tddrummer View Post
yall are jackasses...i asked a totally valid question about tunning my drums...maybe ill have to go somewhere else to get the answers
I asked this question in a few other threads ' Does anybody know what a Yall is? No one knew. Thank god I finally have an answer. A yall is a jackass.
Thanks mate.
Reply With Quote
  #24  
Old 12-11-2007
MadAudio's Avatar
MadAudio MadAudio is offline
Damned if I do
 
Join Date: Jun 2004
Location: D.C.
Age: 45
Posts: 11,997
Rep Power: 1244112
MadAudio has a reputation beyond reputeMadAudio has a reputation beyond reputeMadAudio has a reputation beyond reputeMadAudio has a reputation beyond reputeMadAudio has a reputation beyond reputeMadAudio has a reputation beyond reputeMadAudio has a reputation beyond reputeMadAudio has a reputation beyond reputeMadAudio has a reputation beyond reputeMadAudio has a reputation beyond reputeMadAudio has a reputation beyond repute
Quote:
Originally Posted by L mandrake View Post
I asked this question in a few other threads ' Does anybody know what a Yall is? No one knew. Thank god I finally have an answer. A yall is a jackass.
Thanks mate.
LMAO!!!

And I guess the plural of "yall" is also "yall" because the OP said "Yall are jackasses," which implies more than one.
__________________
Newest endeavor: Playing drums in a live band version of 7 Door Sedan's music.
__________________

"Do yourself a favour just shut up, read up then put up." --muttley600
Reply With Quote
  #25  
Old 12-11-2007
Dogman's Avatar
Dogman Dogman is online now
Campeón de la Internet
 
Join Date: Dec 2004
Location: Unicorn Heaven
Age: 46
Posts: 15,387
Rep Power: 6187844
Dogman has a reputation beyond reputeDogman has a reputation beyond reputeDogman has a reputation beyond reputeDogman has a reputation beyond reputeDogman has a reputation beyond reputeDogman has a reputation beyond reputeDogman has a reputation beyond reputeDogman has a reputation beyond reputeDogman has a reputation beyond reputeDogman has a reputation beyond reputeDogman has a reputation beyond repute
Quote:
Originally Posted by L mandrake View Post
I asked this question in a few other threads ' Does anybody know what a Yall is? No one knew. Thank god I finally have an answer. A yall is a jackass.
Thanks mate.
That's Y'all, dude....
__________________
I won the internets......
Reply With Quote
Reply



Currently Active Users Viewing This Thread: 1 (0 members and 1 guests)
 
Thread Tools
Display Modes

Posting Rules
You may not post new threads
You may not post replies
You may not post attachments
You may not edit your posts

BB code is On
Smilies are On
[IMG] code is On
HTML code is Off

Forum Jump
Google
 

Similar Threads
Thread Thread Starter Forum Replies Last Post
tracking drums, what sort of room? drummersteve Recording Techniques 20 04-10-2006 16:01
mixing drums, gain, and compression question fl junkie Mixing / Mastering 2 11-03-2005 19:28
My drums sound boring gasal69 Roland, Boss, VS Series Forum 13 04-22-2005 10:53
Making 'real' drums in Fruity Loops. Meshuggah Recording Techniques 11 11-11-2002 13:01
Drum tracks aren't drums! sjaguar13 Cakewalk / Sonar Forum 10 02-13-2002 20:27


All times are GMT -7. The time now is 21:26.


Powered by: vBulletin
Copyright ©2000 - 2009, Jelsoft Enterprises Ltd.
Copyright © 1995-2008 Audiofanzine except where noted. All Rights Reserved.